Conclusion To Financial Statement

ConclusionThis Project has been very utilizable to me because I learned how to rise cash flow parameters and ratio analytic thinking. This has improve my getledge on monetary statements which is very useable in course and commerce ever day. The work I did in this project has helped me to regard the techniques, applications and usefulness of financial statements to actualise the performance of a particular bon ton or enterprise with bug out much difficulty and similarly rede how to prep be them in future. I came to the following conclusion while preparing this project.Purposes of Financial Analysis judgement The Earning energy On the tail end of the financial synopsis, the earning expertness of the rail line concern whitethorn be computed. In addition to this, the future earning capacity of the concern may also be estimateed. All the external users of accounts, specially the investors and potential investors argon concerned in this.Judging The Managerial force The financial statement analysis helps to soupcon the areas where in the managers confound sh witness better efficiency and the areas of inefficiency. For example, using financial ratios, it is interchangeablely to analyze sexual intercourse proportion of production, administrative and marketing expenses. Any companionable or unfavorable variations screwing be identified and reasons thereof butt joint be ascertained to blast managerial efficiency and deficiency Judging The Short-term & Long-term Efficiency Of The Enterprise On the earth of financial analysis, long-term as healthful(p) as short-term solvency of the concern may be judged. Creditors or suppliers are interested to know the short-term solvency/ runniness of the concern i.e. strength to satisfy short-term liabilities. Debenture holders and lenders judge the ability of the keep company to pay the confidential information amount and interest on the basis of financial analysisInter-Firm ComparisonInter- trust worthy comparison becomes easily with the help of financial analysis. Ithelps in assessing own performance as well as that of others, if merges and acquisitions are to be considered. reservation Forecasts & Preparing BudgetsPast financial statement analysis helps a great deal in assessing developments in the future, especially the following(a) year. For example, given a certain investment, it may be possible to forecast the next years return on the basis of earning capacity shown in the past. Analysis thus helps in preparing the budgets.UnderstandableFinancial analysis helps the users of the financial statements to understand the complicated matter in simplify manner. Different date burn be made more good-natured by charts and diagrams which nates be easily understoodUses of Financial StatementSecurity AnalysisIt is a transition by which the investor comes to know whether the star sign is fulfilling hi expectation with regard to allowance of dividend, capital hold and se curity measures of money. such analysis is through by a security analyst who is interested in cash-generating ability, dividend payout policy and the way of share pricesCredit AnalysisSuch analysis is useful when a unfaltering offers credit to a new customer or a dealer. The manager of the firm would the likes of to know whether to blow up credit to them or non. Such analysis is also useful for a bank before granting loan to the public.Debt AnalysisSuch analysis is done by the firm to know the borrowing capacity of a prospective borrower.Dividend DecisionFinancial analysis helps the firm in deciding about the rate of dividend. wariness would have to find out about how much portion of earnings to accord and how much to retain. Such decisions indicate the gainability of the firm and hence to whatever extent arrogate the behavior of share pricesGeneral Business AnalysisFinancial analysis can be employ to identify the profit drivers and businessrisks in found to assess the profit potential of the firm. It helps in the future growth scenarios of the firm Limitations Of Financial StatementHistorical AnalysisFinancial statement analysis is a historical analysis. It analysis what has happened gutter date. It does not shine the future. Person like shareholders, investors, etc are more interested in designed the likely position in the future.Ignore Price train ChangesPrice level changes and acquire power of money are inversely related. A change in the price level makes analysis of financial statements of various accountancy eld invalid because accounting records ignore change in the value of moneyQualitative Aspects IgnoredSince the financial statements are confined to the monetary matters alone, the qualitative aspects like the character of management, quality of labor force, public relations are treat while carrying out the analysis of financial statementNot Free From BiasIn many situations, the comptroller has to make a choice out of alternat ive available, e.g. choice in the manner of register valuation or choice in the method of depreciation. Since the subjectively is constituent(a) in personal judgment, the financial statements are, therefore, not waive from biasVariation In accountancy PracticesFor inter-firm comparison, it is necessary that accounting practices followed by the firms dont vary significantly. As there may be variations inaccounting practices followed by diametric firms, a meaningful comparison of their financial statements is not possibleConclusion To Financial StatementThis Project has been very useful to me because I learned how to raise cash flow statements and ratio analysis. This has improve my knowledge on financial statements which is very useful in business and commerce ever day. The work I did in this project has helped me to understand the techniques, applications and usefulness of financial statements to understand the performance of a particular company or enterprise without much d ifficulty and also understand how to prepare them in future. I came to the following conclusion while preparing this project.Purposes of Financial AnalysisJudging The Earning CapacityOn the basis of the financial analysis, the earning capacity of the business concern may be computed. In addition to this, the future earning capacity of the concern may also be forecasted. All the external users of accounts, specially the investors and potential investors are interested in this.Judging The Managerial EfficiencyThe financial statement analysis helps to pinpoint the areas where in the managers have shown better efficiency and the areas of inefficiency. For example, using financial ratios, it is possible to analyze relative proportion of production, administrative and marketing expenses.Any favorable or unfavorable variations can be identified and reasons thereof can be ascertained to pinpoint managerial efficiency and deficiency Judging The Short-term & Long-term Efficiency Of The Enterp rise On the basis of financial analysis, long-term as well as short-term solvency of the concern may be judged.Creditors or suppliers are interested to know the short-term solvency/liquidity of the concern i.e. ability to meet short-term liabilities. Debenture holders and lenders judge the ability of the company to pay the principal amount and interest on the basis of financial analysisInter-Firm ComparisonInter-firm comparison becomes easy with the help of financial analysis. It helps in assessing own performance as well as that of others, if merges and acquisitions are to be considered. Making Forecasts & Preparing BudgetsPast financial statement analysis helps a great deal in assessing developments in the future, especially the next year. For example, given a certain investment, it may be possible to forecast the next years profit on the basis of earning capacity shown in the past. Analysis thus helps in preparing the budgets.UnderstandableFinancial analysis helps the users of th e financial statements to understand the complicated matter in simplified manner. Different date can be made more attractive by charts and diagrams which can be easily understood Uses of Financial StatementSecurity AnalysisIt is a process by which the investor comes to know whether the firm is fulfilling hi expectation with regard to payment of dividend, capital appreciation and security of money. Such analysis is done by a security analyst who is interested in cash-generating ability, dividend payout policy and the behavior of share pricesCredit AnalysisSuch analysis is useful when a firm offers credit to a new customer or a dealer. The manager of the firm would like to know whether to extend credit to them or not. Such analysis is also useful for a bank before granting loan to the public.Debt AnalysisSuch analysis is done by the firm to know the borrowing capacity of a prospective borrower.Dividend DecisionFinancial analysis helps the firm in deciding about the rate of dividend. M anagement would have to decide about how much portion of earnings to distribute and how much to retain. Such decisions indicate the profitability of the firm and hence to some extent affect the behavior of share pricesGeneral Business AnalysisFinancial analysis can be used to identify the profit drivers and business risks in order to assess the profit potential of the firm. It helps in the future growth scenarios of the firm Limitations Of Financial StatementHistorical AnalysisFinancial statement analysis is a historical analysis. It analysis what has happened till date. It does not reflect the future. Person like shareholders, investors, etc are more interested in knowing the likely position in the future.Ignore Price Level ChangesPrice level changes and purchasing power of money are inversely related. A change in the price level makes analysis of financial statements of different accounting years invalid because accounting records ignore change in the value of moneyQualitative Asp ects IgnoredSince the financial statements are confined to the monetary matters alone, the qualitative aspects like the quality of management, quality of labor force, public relations are ignored while carrying out the analysis of financial statementNot Free From BiasIn many situations, the accountant has to make a choice out of alternative available, e.g. choice in the method of inventory valuation or choice in the method of depreciation. Since the subjectively is inherent in personal judgment, the financial statements are, therefore, not free from biasVariation In Account PracticesFor inter-firm comparison, it is necessary that accounting practices followed by the firms dont vary significantly. As there may be variations inaccounting practices followed by different firms, a meaningful comparison of their financial statements is not possible